How can I prevent `IndexError` tracebacks when working with lists or tuples?

An `IndexError` occurs when you try to access an element at an invalid index (e.g., an index that is too large or negative). Always check the length of the list/tuple before accessing elements using `len()`. Ensure the index is within the valid range (0 to length - 1). Use techniques like defensive programming, where you explicitly check the bounds before accessing elements.