When does an 'HP printer error printing test page' suggest a potential hardware issue, and what should I do next?

An 'HP printer error printing test page' suggests a hardware issue when the printer fails to print an internal test page (initiated from its control panel), displays persistent hardware error codes despite software troubleshooting, or when all connectivity, driver, and software-related solutions have been exhausted. Unusual noises, consistent paper jams without clear cause, or visible damage can also indicate hardware problems. If a hardware issue is suspected, ensure no foreign objects are present, check easily replaceable parts like cartridges, and if the problem persists, contact HP Support for further diagnostics or consider professional repair/replacement, especially if the printer is under warranty.