How can you catch an error that was thrown within an 'if' statement?

You can catch errors using a `try...catch` block. The code that might throw an error (including the 'if' statement) goes inside the `try` block, and the error handling logic goes inside the `catch` block. Example: `try { // code with if and throw } catch (error) { console.error('An error occurred:', error.message); }`