How can I configure the Windows Firewall to allow printer sharing and potentially resolve error 709?

Go to Control Panel > Windows Firewall > Allow a program or feature through Windows Firewall. Make sure 'File and Printer Sharing' is checked for your network type (Home/Work or Public). If it is already checked, try unchecking and re-checking it to reset the firewall rules. You may also need to manually create exceptions for ports used by printer sharing (e.g., port 139 and 445).